Lab Technologiest Association : Lichen planus disease sign and symptoms with clinical diagnosis

Tuesday 23 March 2021

Lichen planus disease sign and symptoms with clinical diagnosis

#Lichen_Planus
Lichen planus is an idiopathic
papulosquamous disorder characterized by itchy pink to purple papules and plaques, occurring primarily on the scalp, extremities, nails, and mucous membranes.

History
■ Most patients develop the disorder between 30 and 60 years of age.

■ Lichen planus is rare in children younger than 5 years and in elderly people.

■ Up to 10% of patients have a family history of lichen planus.

■ Most patients with cutaneous disease show evidence of mucosal involvement

■ The cause is unknown, but lichen planus may be a T-cell−driven autoimmune disease.

■ Lichen planus may be associated with
hepatitis C and many medications.

Skin Findings
■ The primary lesion is a 2- to 10-mm
flat-topped papule with an irregular,
angulated border (purple polygonal papules).

■ New lesions are pink to white, but over time they become purple and sharply defined.

■ Surface shows a lacy reticulated pattern of whitish lines (Wickham’s striae).

■ New lesions may develop in areas of injury (Koebner’s phenomenon).

■ There are several clinical form

Treatment:-

■ Sedating antihistamines (hydroxyzine 10–25 mg every 4 hours) are effective to control itch.

■ Group I or II topical glucocorticoids are
required to control lichen planus.

■ Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide
(Kenalog 5–10 mg/mL) is very effective for thicker plaques.

■ For oral lichen planus, high-potency
glucocorticoid (ointments or orabase) and tacrolimus applied twice daily are effective to control inflammation.

■ Narrow-band ultraviolet B should be
considered for widespread lichen planus.

■ Systemic glucocorticoids, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil should be considered for severe lichen planus.